Organizations Campaigning Against the Use of Animals in Research

Human beings have used animals in scientific research for a long time. Animals are currently being used in clinical studies to find cures for some diseases such as HIV, Alzheimer and Leukemia. Nonetheless, several organizations are now campaigning against the use of animals in scientific research. This paper will present a brief summary of arguments against the use of animals in scientific research.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Organizations Campaigning Against the Use of Animals in Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The British Union of the Abolition of Vivisection (BUAV) is one of the organizations that campaign against the use of animals in scientific research. It encourages regulators to accept and encourage the use of alternative scientific testing techniques (as stipulated under the REACH regulations). The outcomes of animal-test methods can be misleading. It is important to mention that bot h animals and humans react differently to a particular drug. For example, some scientists have concluded that humans (and not animals) are the most suitable subjects that can be used to test HIV vaccines. Animals locked up (in cages) in the laboratories for use in scientific research undergo enormous stress. Consequently, this phenomenon may compromise the outcome of an experiment and render the scientific results irrelevant. Just like humans, animals have a right to live and not be used in clinical trials. Killing animals for scientific reasons is morally wrong and constitutes murder. There are numerous scientific testing alternatives to animal tests which are not only consistent and efficient but also save the lives of millions of animals. Some of these alternative methods include the use of patients and volunteers in clinical trials as well as computer-simulated models, genomic and in vitro. Studies have revealed that the use of non-animal tests techniques in scientific studies h ave produced reliable results. For example, in vitro (tissue and cell culture) have successfully been utilized to develop anti-AIDS, anti-cancer and other forms of drugs. Studies on tissue and culture have also been used to test and produce pharmaceutical products such as antibiotics and vaccines. In vitro genetic studies have also been successful in isolating distinct proteins, genes and markers associated with schizophrenia, muscular dystrophy, Alzheimer’s disease and other types of genetic disorders. Scientists have recently developed a unique 3-dimensional model that will be used to screen breast cancer in its early stages as well as assess potential cures. Rather than using rodents to study cancerous tissues, this model utilizes the affected human tissues to study the progress of cancer in human beings. Other non-animal test techniques include the use of donated cadavers or human skin leftovers to assess the speed at which chemicals can permeate human skin. Microdosing i s also another non-animal test procedure that can provide useful information about the danger/safety of an experimental treatment. Most of the organizations such as BUAV, PETA and SHAC argue that animal experimenters want to use disposable research subjects which are subject to manipulations and death. Animal experimenters are also aware that their synthetically generated animal models cannot duplicate human conditions. On the other hand, clinical researchers (who use non-animal test methods) know that the outcomes of their studies are directly related to human conditions. The use of animals in scientific studies does not have any moral justification. Animals have a right to live and should be treated with respect. As noted above, the reaction of both animals and humans to a particular drug can be different. It is thus imperative that animal test methods should be discarded in favor of non-animal test techniques (such as Microdosing and in vitro) that provide not only reliable and accurate results but also save animals. This assessment on Organizations Campaigning Against the Use of Animals in Research was written and submitted by user Alia K. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Functions, Relationships, and Legal Responsibilities of Stakeholders

Functions, Relationships, and Legal Responsibilities of Stakeholders Administration, managers, governing bodies, and employees are essential contributors to the sufficient functioning of a long-term care facility. A primary goal of this paper is to describe the substantial functions, relationships, and legal responsibilities of various stakeholders.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Functions, Relationships, and Legal Responsibilities of Stakeholders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is vital to show the complexity of these relationships and determine the occurrence of the problem with the assistance of the real world case. Some synergies and conflicts, which occur during the relationships, will be evaluated and discussed. Various Functions of Stakeholders and Legal Responsibilities It is necessary to describe the duties of each stakeholder before starting the analysis. The administration is responsible for paying the attention whether all employees follow all of the aspects outlined in the Union Contract (Singh, 2010). In general, the administrator is responsible for maintaining the long-term care facility is to preserve sustainable interrelationships between the workers. It is obligatory to have governing bodies in the long-term care facilities, and these institutions are represented by the board of directors. The board is fully responsible for the actions of the organization such as providing the facility with a mission and distributing the resources (Singh, 2010). It could be said that the board is legally responsible for all the actions and operations related to the hospital activities (Shi Singh, 2011). It is apparent that the governing body has to establish a sufficient scheme to sustain the flow of everyday activities. Lastly, the board has to make a final choice while hiring the personnel (Shi Singh, 2011). As for departmental managers, their primary duty is to maintain the sufficient relationships between different members of the department. However, they have also to contribute to building a team spirit and enhancing the flow of information (Singh, 2010). It is clear that departmental managers have to act in agreement with the law, pay attention to schedules of the personnel in order to act in accordance with the Code of Ethics. Speaking of the consultants, their primary duty is to enhance the relationships between different members of the facility with the help of the training programs for the managers and employees (Singh, 2010). As for the employees, their primary function is to provide high-quality services to the patients.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, beneficiaries are the ones, who receive the care and financial support from the benefactor, such as Medicare (Singh, 2010). It is apparent that medical institution is legally obliged to contribute to the improvement to a s tate of a beneficiary (Shi Singh, 2011). Relationships between Different Stakeholders Governing body and stakeholder have to share the responsibilities with the administrator (Singh, 2010). As this specialist has a clear understanding of a current situation in a modern community and able to act in accordance with the demands of the local population. The necessity of the distribution of the power occurs due to the contribution of this fact to improving quality service for the beneficiaries. In turn, the administrator has to deliver the information and maintain day-to-day operations. Subsequently, he remains in contact with managers, as it allows delivering the mission to the lower classes of the hierarchy. Additionally, it helps build an image of the long-term care facility in the society. It is apparent that departmental managers are in direct contact with the administration and the employees. It could be said that they are playing the role of the intermediaries between two importa nt bodies to enhance the communication process. As for the consultants, their primary goal is to strengthen the quality of interaction between different members of the long-term care facility (Singh, 2010). Consequently, they are in direct contact with both managers and employees.  Lastly, the employees are communicating with the beneficiaries, as they have to provide high-quality services to the patients. It is apparent that the primary goal of the whole organization is to improve the maintenance and deliver a high-quality service to the end user. Interrelationships, Conflicts, and Synergies It is apparent that the long-term care organization works as a complex and united mechanism. Each member of the facility has a contribution to the building of the external and internal image of the institution. The departmental managers, consultants and employees have to establish efficient synergy to achieve the expected outcomes. However, the governing department and the administrator canno t perform their duties separately, as their work is aimed at a common goal of the whole organization. Additionally, the opinions of beneficiaries have to be taken into account and understood, as this point has a direct contribution to the overall performance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Functions, Relationships, and Legal Responsibilities of Stakeholders specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nonetheless, despite pursuing a common goal conflicts still take place. Most of the time, these adverse actions appear due to the inability of the employees and other members of the long-term care organization to act in accordance with the established rules. Moreover, misunderstanding between physicians and patients might occur due to the lack of cultural competence (Rose, 2011). Another reason is personal attitudes and perceptions about particular matters of the personnel. A Real World Situation As for a real world situ ation, one of the facilities has noticed that a majority of patients were having the â€Å"gastrointestinal symptoms† (U.S. Department of State Human Services, 2010, para. 7). It is apparent that this situation rather often occurs in the long-term facilities. In this case, the departmental manager has to distribute the employees efficiently in order to improve the conditions of the beneficiaries.   In turn, beneficiaries have to follow all of the instructions provided by the medical specialists. At the same time, the departmental manager has to report to the administrator about the progress regarding the improvement of the situation. While the process of enhancement of the state of the patients takes place, the administrator with the shift manager has to determine the source of the problem and block the spread of the infection. In the end, the news has to reported to the governing bodies to develop and establish new policies regarding prohibitions of future reasons for the food poisoning in the long-term care facility. Conclusion In conclusion, the complexity and interdependence of different bodies of the long-term care organization cannot be unnoticed. It is apparent that functioning of the hospital depends on the sufficient and efficient operations of all departments. The problems and challenges have to be carefully evaluated and rapidly solved in order to deliver a high-quality service to the end users. It is apparent that various issues often take place due to the emergencies or lack of the cultural competencies. However, the necessity for synergy was revealed with the help of the case situation, as all of the members of the long-term care organization have to work as a united mechanism to solve the problem and prevent its appearance in future.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Rose, Patti. (2011). Cultural competency for health administration and public health.  Sudbury, MA: Jones Barlett Publishers. Shi, L. Singh, D. (2011). Delivering health care in America. Burlington, MA: Jones Barlett. Singh, D. (2010). Effective management of long term care facilities. Sudbury, MA: Jones Barlett. U.S. Department of State Human Services: TeamSTEPPS Long-Term Care Specialty Scenarios. (2012). Web.

WK4_Training Need Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WK4_Training Need Paper - Essay Example In order to attain increased competitiveness and larger customer base many organization has formulated and implemented various strategies and policies. In this course, many organizations are involved in enhancing the skills and capabilities of employees as a tool for enhancing the performance of the organization. Such initiatives of the organizations have facilitated a need for effective training and development activities. Accordingly, training and development is the process of making the employees familiar with the various changes in the work procedure for ensuring increased competency towards performing the organizational tasks efficiently and effectively. The concept of training plays a vital role in an organization life cycle as it not only helps them to maintain lead but also helps them in innovating new products that may contribute to the organization goal (Armstrong, 2012). The primary purpose of this paper is to identify training need within the selected organization i.e. Ap ple Incorporation and explore the role of Human Resource (HR) in analysis, design, development implementation and evaluation of a training program to meet the identified training need. Training Need Assessment Apple Inc. is considered to be one of the leading innovative companies across the world. The company is widely known for its distinctive and unique products and services offered to its customers spread worldwide. The rapid development in science and technology has facilitated the company as one of the most advanced and most admired companies across the globe. Nonetheless, the company has been encountered with lots of challenges due to the emergence of new and upcoming competitors in the market. It has been often argued that employees are the most important assets of any organization. Furthermore, employees who are not provided with efficient training and development programs often finds difficulties in performing their tasks efficiently and competently. Additionally, the conti nuous advancement in technology and increasing competition has widely generated the need for skilled employees to respond the market demands effectively. In this context, Apple Inc. to sustain its business profitably in current and future business environment, it is essential for the corporation to design and implement effective training and development programs. At the same time, effective training and development activities is necessary for attracting new talents and retaining employees within the organization. Moreover, training and development activities are crucially important for the organization to seek constant innovation and transformation of the business according to the changing requirement of the market. Nonetheless, it can be argued that training and development is essential for the organization at all the levels of the management. The effective training and development programs facilitate in the creation of effective leaders who will be responsible for framing strategi es that would facilitate the organization with increased benefit in the form of increased profitability and market share. Therefore, it can be stated proper training needs are required in the organization to enhance the capability of its employees as well as the organizational performance (Apple Inc., 2013). Role of HR in the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Training Program to Meet the Requirement in the Production Process of the Company HR managers are considered as a vital part of any organization as they are the only bridge that helps in maintaining a proper relation between the employees and the top level management. Correspondingly, HR managers are also widely responsible for

French System and the Modern Diplomacy Term Paper

French System and the Modern Diplomacy - Term Paper Example This paper will highlight the characteristics of the French system beginning with the Napoleon era and elaborate how modern diplomacy developed. This paper will highlight the Machiavellian concept of diplomacy, its application in the French system and the 21st century diplomacy. In addition, the paper will discuss the differences between the French diplomacy and the 21st century diplomacy. Machiavelli was the first in history to indulge in negotiations that led to agreements between his republic and other regions. His later works on how different powers could extend their influence to other regions and territories are the basis of the diplomacy adopted in the Renaissance Period. This system passed down to the states of Italy and France. History reveals that there was a form of embassy existing in France in the early 1535 (Berridge 105). The embassy was a representation of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. During that time, France was under the rule of a Christian king. Later, the def inition of the embassy changed, as nations adopted new definitions of diplomacy. With time, the embassies became immune residential areas. Immunity implied that the representatives were not subject to the laws of the regions they were residing. During this time, there was a continuity system. In addition, there was intense secrecy in the diplomacy. The proceedings and activities of the embassy remained hidden. In the majority of the negotiations, the people remained in the dark concerning any proceedings. The people could neither learn about the outcomes of any ongoing negotiations nor understand the proceedings. Secrecy involved keeping some or all the details under cover (Berridge 106). Secrecy was a crucial aspect because in any form of negotiations compromise was compulsory. The two parties on the negotiation table had to incur losses. Each side formulated its set of demands before the negotiation. For the other party to grant these demands, the party had to pay a price. If the information concerning the negotiations reached the people or other government agents, they could hinder paying of the price. Handling these matters in discretion and secrecy proved to be the only viable tactics (Berridge 107). The French diplomacy system of the early times was very ceremonial. The ambassadors, who acted as formal representatives of the highest power, had great responsibility in the negotiation process. The procedure carried its effects from the renaissance period. The influence of the French diplomacy from the Renaissance Era made it unique. Complicated ceremonies became part of the negotiation protocol as binding factors of the agreements. Having a guiding protocol in place ensured that each meeting of the parties focused on the agendas rather than on debating about the effective procedures. The protocol usually highlighted the sitting arrangements of both parties and elaborated other necessities such as the guidelines of signatures (Berridge 108). Earlier in 1504 , the Pope had laid out a precedence scheme. However, in 1815 the Vienna Congress made it invalid and set out a new order. The new scheme involved taking ranks in accordance to the time of the persons’ formal notifications and period of service at the capital. Other authors highlight that the French emphasized the value of honesty in all negotiation fronts. They believed that diplomacy based on deceit and trickery could not achieve its purpose of reconciling two parties with a fair

Communication strategy report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Communication strategy report - Essay Example So, this report will include the kinds of crisis situation the 7-Eleven might face, the consequences of those crises, the need and rationale to develop a crisis-communication plan, an overview of that plan and finally a projection of cost and benefits for 7-Eleven. 7-Eleven was established by the Ito-Yokado group, with its first 7-11 store set up at Koto-ku, Tokyo in 1974. Actually the predecessor for the current 7-Eleven company or stores is an American retail company called Southland Corporation. In 1972 itself, Ito-Yokado group approached the Southland Corporation for the franchise of opening 7-Eleven convenience stores in Japan. After initially rejection, Southland gave the licensing agreement and thus its first store was opened in 1974 in Tokyo. However, in course of time, the situation changed upside down, with Ito-Yokado group acquiring 70% stake in the Southland itself, and thus all the 7-Eleven stores and its franchise rights came to the Ito-Yokado group, which only transformed into Seven & I Holdings Co. in 2005. Now, 7-Eleven is the â€Å"world’s largest operator, franchisor and licensor of convenience stores†, with more than 40,000 stores all over the world, including approximately 7,600 stores in the U.S. and Canada. (â€Å"About Us†). Crisis situations are problems or challenges, which happen in an organizational setup, and which could damage the organizational operations, creates bad image in the minds of the customer, putting the organisation under media and government scrutiny. â€Å"Any situation that is threatening or could threaten to harm people or property, seriously interrupt business, damage reputation or negatively impact share value† (Bernstein). Although, organizations can face many challenges in their every day operations, most of them are controlled within the organization. Only the ones, which directly affects its customers, the common public and environment, or may be illegal in nature and

Listening Skills in Communication

Listening Skills in Communication Communication is the key to personal, financial, and entrepreneurial success. Seminars constantly tout the importance and crucial role of effective communication, especially in order to succeed at business. However, one aspect of communication skills that is often overlooked is the effective use of non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication can be summed up as all the other parts of language that give us visual and non-audible clues in order to correctly interpret the meaning and intent of the speaker in a conversation. Non verbal communication can be communicated through gestures and touch also known as Haptic communication by body language or posture, by facial expression and eye contact. Non verbal communication can even be communicated through objects such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture, symbols and graphics. For example, when one goes to a job interview, khaki pants can convey a range of meaning anywhere from oh, Im here to the well-dressed and ready to conquer, all based on the style, quality, cut, and fit of the pant. Simplistic yes, but tried and proven as well. By the same token, wearing blue jeans to a job interview, no matter how dressy the pant, sends an underlying message of casualness that may not be the chord to strike, depending on the position and industry. Also, speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, which include factors like voice quality, emotion and speaking style, as well as the spoken rhythm, word intonation or inflection and stress. Dance is also regarded as a nonverbal communication. Likewise, written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, graphical or design arrangements or the use of emoticons. However, much of the study of nonverbal communication has focused on face-to-face interaction, where it ca n be classified into three main focuses: environmental conditions where communication takes place, the physical characteristics of the speakers, and behaviors of the speakers during interaction. While not a traditionally defined form of non verbal communication, effective listening skills are arguably the most prized set of communication skills for any businessperson to develop in order to achieve success. Furthermore, effective listening skills impact not only the professional sphere, but the personal and emotional health and overall well being of a person. Many experts disagree on the number of specific components that encompass an effective listener, yet there are certain key elements that are generally accepted as guidelines to make a listener more effective and serve to enhance the quality of communication between the involved parties. Listening is one of those special skills that, because we can hear, we tend to believe that we can automatically listen. Yet for many people hoping to facilitate, listening is the most difficult skill to master. As I write this I am remembering one of todays well-worn clichà ©s, often used by those who arent listening: I hear what you ar e saying, but.So says Mr. Trevor Bentley, who has developed a very specific set of criteria to define an effective listener. In his article, The special skills of listening, he states that specific situations require specific responses or set of listening skills. According to Bentley, one can narrow these instances to six main groups, which consist of monologue, dialogue, conversation, discussion, debate, and argument. Websters defines a monologue to be an extended uninterrupted speech by a character in a drama. The character may be speaking his or her thoughts aloud, directly addressing another character, or speaking to the audience, especially the former. Monologues are common across the range of dramatic media (plays, films, animation, etc.). In daily life, a monologue refers to that one individual who talks incessantly upon all subjects, often without pause to consider the effect of any of their utterances upon those in their immediate vicinity. On the other hand, dialogue is an interaction of sorts, its everyday basis and counterpart is a conversational exchange between two or more people. Now, a conv ersation is by definition communication between multiple people. It is a social skill that can be accomplished by the average individual. Conversations are the ideal form of communication in some respects, since they allow people with different views on a topic to learn from one another. For a successful conversation, the partners must achieve a workable balance of contributions. A successful conversation includes repeating, answering, creating and countering connections between the speakers or things and topics that the speakers know. For this to happen, those engaging in conversation must find a topic on which they both can relate to in some sense. They speak or from personal experience or from others observations and knowledge. Those engaging in conversation naturally tend to relate the other speakers statements to themselves. They may insert aspects of their lives into their replies, to relate to the other persons opinions or points of conversation. Again, all these are examples of different forms of listening. Finally there are discussions, debates, and arguments. While one can argue that these are all escalating forms of the same condition, the general meaning and reference of these three words is an explanation of an issue or a topic, compared and contrasted according to logical rules, and factually affirmed by persuasion and logic to declare one viewpoint in better standing than the other. Bentley recommends that in order to maximize communication in each of these situations one should chose a level on which to listen again, based upon the situation and to use a combination of directive, facilitative and active listening to have the most effective communication occur. His eight stages of listening cover non-listening, passive listening, judgmental listening, attentive listening, visual listening, reflective listening, active/creative listening, and directive listening. While the Bentley system has very logical and effective solutions to many communication dilemmas and situations, othe r experts take a more instinctive and generalized view of effective listening and non-verbal communication. In the article Turn listening into a powerful presence, Richard Harris states that Better-than-average listeners are keenly aware of the following important issues: partnership, reviewing systematically, effort, star events, empathy, neutralizing snap judgments, and tenacity. Listening is not by any stretch of the imagination a passive endeavor if practiced correctly or effectively. As a listener, one is always trying to receive or understand the meaning of the conversation, while dealing with all the non-verbal communicational clues on a subconscious level. If you are blindfolded in a room with some friends, you could participate in conversation actively. However, your responses and understanding could range from a little bit off to very misdirected, depending on how many visual cues and gestures you miss due to the blindfold. Active listening is not just generating responses to sounds or answering the question. It requires the listeners to understand, interpret, and analyze what is heard. Today, the ability to listen is an invaluable skill in interpersonal commun ication. It improves personal relationships by reducing conflicts, strengthening cooperation, as well as fostering understanding. Harris stresses the importance of practicing the issues that arise when holding a conversation, fully confident that a normal person can adapt and learn these techniques in order to become a more effective communicator. Sometimes effective listening is simply making sure that one is completely engaged in the conversation, suspending judgment, and making evaluations after all the issues have been discussed. However, it is not natural for humans to listen in this form, and patience and practice are key aspects to developing natural listening skills, which will eventually feel like a normal part of the mental acrobatics exercised on a daily basis by anyone who must communicate in any form. Effective listening is essential for anyone who wants to perform at his or her best, work easily and gracefully, and learn effectively. Few people realize that the art of listening has everything to do with intuition and little to do with the mental gymnastics of trying to concentrate on the words themselves. As you begin to see listening as an art and conversation as something that creates beauty, you will begin to understand how your own thoughts interfere with the experience. One expert argues that the less thinki ng that goes on during a conversation, the more effective the listener is, because more of the actual conversation is retained and absorbed.(Gunn) This particular expert states that in his personal research, the more open and clear a person is when engaged in conversation, the more recall is available after the conversation. Intuition and feelings are also very important to this particular theorist. For effective listening, this theory requires one to be very aware of the feelings that are being inspired throughout the course of the conversation, to be stored in the memory and analyzed after the conversation is over, which one presumably will have more recall thereof since one did not get mentally distracted by emotions or thoughts during the conversation. Effective listening is also closely related to non verbal communicational forms such as gestures. Gestures are another tool that can be used to maximize a listeners input on the conversation and its outcome. While this specific tool is very culture based, it can be very effective when interpreted and practiced correctly. One of the most common cultures to use gestures in the United States is the Latin-Americans. Gestures allow individuals to communicate a variety of feelings and thoughts, often together with body language in addition to words when they speak. For example, in the Cuban culture there is quite an amount of hand gesturing that leads throughout a conversation. Depending on the speed of the gesture shows the mental or emotional state of the person doing the speaking; if smooth motions are made with the hands, the words being said are meant to pacify or to be taken calmly, regardless of their content. Though gestures are not part of syntactic language, their processing take s place in the same areas of the brain used by speech and sign language. Another simple form of listening is reflective listening. Reflective listening is a communication strategy involving two key steps: seeking to understand a speakers idea, then offering the idea back to the speaker, to confirm the idea has been understood correctly. It attempts to reconstruct what the client is thinking and feeling and to relay this understanding back to the client. Reflective listening is a more specific strategy than the more general methods of active listening. It arose from Carl Rogers school of client-centered therapy in counseling theory. (Hughes) It is important to observe the other persons actions and body language. Having the ability to interpret anyones body language allows the listener to develop a more accurate understanding of the speakers words and possibly even the intent of the conversation, which may or may not be audibly stated. Having heard, the listener may restate or paraphrase what the speaker is saying. This is a technique for reassuring the spe aker of ones undivided attention. It really does not imply understanding or agreement. In emotional conversations, a good listener may intuit or sense underlying feelings and emotions. For example, when in an argument, one would say I sense you are angry. Can you tell me why? Again, the interplay between the non verbal clues and tools such as gestures and reflection all play a role in maximizing the effectiveness of the listener. While one cannot make a judgment call about the best way to listen, it is clear that the most definitive way to become an effective listener is to be mentally ready and to challenge oneself to practice skills that lead to naturally recalling and understanding everything that is said and intimated in conversation. While listening has much to do with the physical ability of the person, the intellectual application for effectiveness is more of a mental and psychological exercise that can only improve with constant practice. Not to trash the visually impaired, but the eyes are consistently the best source for all the cues that guide effective listeners. For many in the business world, the time spent becoming an effective listener will be priceless in terms of communication that can open doors and opportunities. Furthermore, an effective listener that applies their professional success to their personal life can also ensure a very productive and emotionally satisfying life, because all of us have something to say, and everyone wants to be heard. In the words of Bishop TD Jakes, Listen with your ears. The ears work better when windpipes are closed. Listen with your mind. Many times words are based on a point of reference that you may not be aware of. Listen with your heart. Many times words do not convey whats in the heart; so when you listen, hear what is said but also what is meant. Compassion is a critical part of understanding. It is difficult to love people without understanding them. Love seeks to understand. Listening with your heart will take away your natural propensity to be selfish. Listen with your heart. Many times words do not convey whats in the heart; so when you listen, hear what is said but also what is meant. Compassion is a critical part of understanding. It is difficult to love people without understanding them. Love seeks to understand. Listening with your heart will take away your natural propensity to be selfish. Sound words to guide the spiri tual health of his parishioners, but also very applicable to any successful individual in todays world.

Exploring Ethnic Minority Psychology in America Essay -- racism, divers

Reflecting on and changing the face of ethnic minority psychology is very important in today’s society. Race, ethnicity, culture and diversity are pressing societal issues that have existed for several years. Many people face issues everyday with their identity, which is the sense of self being independent of one’s ethnic background; empowering it and then transforming it; whether transforming is for the good or for the bad. People in our society, mainly our youth, have to deal with the pressures of being talked about when it comes down to what race they are, how many freckles they have or their face, how short or tall they are, their size as well as various other things. Interpersonal relationships are considered to have a bidirectional influence as well and can be captured in the saying â€Å"What goes around comes around†. It may not make matters the best, but for that moment, just thinking about the statement makes matters the best at the given time. De mographic changes such as darkening the complexion of America, is forcing psychology to address the needs of growing ethnic minority populations. Reflecting on these issues, dealing with the pressures of facing the different identities and such, different behaviors start to flare up. In this case, it is assumed that superiority humor theory should be used. This theory, having more to do with social groups, social status, social roles, and of course, humor is directed at individuals in positions of power rather than the targeting of the already vulnerable groups. Separating superiority theory from coping or arousal forms is advised. Humor serves as a number of important social functions in interpersonal communication, but it also contradicts remarks saying that there is no ... ...mental health professional, the church may be an important place to go and seek counseling for the issues they may be dealing with at that given time. So who is someone not to be who they are because someone does not like the way they look or the way they talk? It doesn’t matter because you, just like them, are a child of the earth. You do not have to change yourself for anyone because they feel insecure around you. They are not going to admit it but, but everyone goes through it at some time. In conclusion, if one would be willing to have an open mind and accept that the different cultures are united as one in a sense and are here on earth to stay living life would be somewhat peaceful. In spite of the cultural differences we are human and deserve to be treated as such. We had nothing to do with our own creation someone greater was in control.

ABC company’s Risk Profile Essay

ABC Company Risk Profile The ABC company is a manufacturing firm that specializes in making cedar roofing and siding shingles, with recent sales at $1.2 million, the company wants to reach the $3 million mark over the next 3 years. As a newly hired Corporate Controller for this company, I have been assigned the task of developing and overlooking a new plan made by the CEO that will use some of the shingle scrap materials to build cedar houses. The newly develop plan will certainly bring new challenges for the company on the form of increased cost and labor; However it will also provide additional revenue and gross profit to help reach the growth targets. On this paper I would go over the details of the report made for the CEO that includes information on the overall risk profile based on actual market conditions, a current company cash flow, the product cost and any potential investments that might accelerate profits. See more:  The Story of an Hour Literary Analysis Essay The Risk profile for this company includes several different factors that are mostly due to current market conditions, and the level of risk the company will face by adding extra inventory and expenses. Unfortunately risk is a reality of doing business, whether the company is large or small, public or private, risk will always be present since nothing on the business world warrants a guarantee. Some of the key risk points are: Inventory represents a big portion of the cash flow, therefore having extra inventory on hand will have an impact on the company’s future cash flow; payroll is also directly related to the cash flow since it takes a big portion of the monthly budget, therefore increasing the manufacturing capabilities of the factory as well as adding a new line of production will increase the payroll thus having an impact on cash flow reports; Economic downturn, that might affect prices of inventory to be purchased, therefore affecting the potential growth as well as hav ing an impact on reaching  forecasted company goals.

A Christmas Carol Quotations

'A Christmas Carol' Quotations Charles Dickenss novel, A Christmas Carol (1843), is the famous redemption tale of the wicked Ebenezer Scrooge. On Christmas Eve, Scrooge is visited by spirits, including his former business partner Jacob Marley, and the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Christmas Present and Christmas Yet to Come. Each ghost has a different message for Scrooge about how his penny-pinching and indifference has affected himself and others who care about him. By the end of the story, Scrooge has become enlightened and vows to change his mean, miserly ways before its too late.   Famous Quotations The Ghost of Jacob Marley Marleys ghost tells Scrooge why he has  appeared to him on Christmas Eve, wearing the chains he forged in life. It is required of every man, the ghost returned, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellow-men, and travel far and wide; and, if that spirit goes not forth in life, it is condemned to do so after death. The Ghost of Christmas Past After reliving his past and seeing his kindly former mentor Fezziwig, Scrooge is overwhelmed. He tells the Ghost: Spirit! said Scrooge in a broken voice, remove me from this place.I told you these were shadows of the things that have been, said the Ghost. That they are what they are, do not blame me! Ghost of Christmas Present There are some upon this earth of yours, returned the Spirit, who lay claim to know us, and who do their deeds of passion, pride, ill-will, hatred, envy, bigotry, and selfishness in our name, who are as strange to us and all out kith and kin, as if they had never lived. Remember that, and charge their doings on themselves, not us.   The Ghost of Christmas Present is telling Scrooge not to blame his past bad behavior on anyone else or any divine influence.   Ebenezer Scrooge   Scrooge takes a long time to get on board with the spirits, but once he does, he panics that hes run out of time to redeem himself. You may be an undigested bit of beef, a blot of mustard, a crumb of cheese, a fragment of underdone potato. Theres more of gravy than of grave about you, whatever you are! Scrooge says this to the ghost of his late business partner, Jacob Marley. Scrooge is doubting his senses, and cant believe that the Ghost is real.   Ghost of the Future, he exclaimed, I fear you more than any spectre I have seen. But as I know your purpose is to do me good, and as I hope to live to be another man from what I was, I am prepared to bear you company, and do it with a thankful heart. Will you not speak to me? After visits from the Ghosts of Christmas Past and Present, Scrooge most fears the visit of the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come. When he sees what this spirit has to show him, Scrooge begs to know whether the course of events can be changed: Mens courses will foreshadow certain ends, to which, if persevered in, they must lead, said Scrooge. But if the courses  be  departed from, the ends will change. Say it is thus with what you show me!   When he wakes up on Christmas morning, Scrooge realizes he can make amends for his past cruelties.   I will  honour  Christmas in my heart, and try to keep it all the year. I will live in the Past, the Present, and the Future. The Spirits of all Three shall strive within me. I will not shut out the lessons that they teach. Oh, tell me I may sponge away the writing on this stone!

JavaScript Execution Order Code and Guide

JavaScript Execution Order Code and Guide Designing your web page using JavaScript requires attention to the order in which your code appears and whether you are encapsulating code into functions or objects, all of which impact the order in which the code runs.   The Location of JavaScript on Your Web Page Since the JavaScript on your page executes based on certain factors, lets consider where and how to add JavaScript to a web page.   There are basically three locations into which we can attach JavaScript: Directly into the head of the pageDirectly into the body of the pageFrom an event handler/listener It doesnt make any difference whether the JavaScript is within the web page itself or in external files linked to the page. It also doesnt matter  whether the event handlers are hard-coded into the page or added by the JavaScript itself (except that they cant be triggered before they are added). Code Directly on the Page What does it mean to say that JavaScript is  directly in the head or body of the page?  If the code is not enclosed in a function or object, it is directly in the page. In this case, the code runs sequentially as soon as the file containing the code has loaded sufficiently for that code to be accessed. Code that is within a function or object is run only when that function or object is called. Basically, this means that any code inside the head and body of your page that is not inside a function or object will run as the page is loading  -   as soon as  the page has loaded sufficiently to access that code. That last bit is important and impacts the order in which you place your code on the page: any code placed directly in the page that needs to interact with elements within the page must appear after the elements in the page on which it is dependent. In general, this means that if you use direct code to interact with your page content, such code should be placed at the bottom of the body. Code Within Functions and Objects A code inside functions or objects is run whenever that function or object is called. If it is called from code that is directly in the head or body of the page, then its place in the execution order is effectively the point at which the function or object is called from the direct code. Code Assigned to Event Handlers and Listeners Assigning a function to an event handler or listener does not result in the function being run at the point at which it is assigned -   provided that you are actually assigning the function itself and not running the function and assigning the value returned. (This is why you generally do not see the () on the end of the function name when it is being assigned to an event since the addition of the parentheses runs the function and assigns the value returned rather than assigning the function itself.) Functions that are attached to event handlers and listeners run when the event that they are attached to is triggered. Most events are triggered by visitors interacting with your page. Some exceptions exist, however, such as the load event on the window itself, which is triggered when the page finishes loading. Functions Attached to Events on Page Elements Any functions attached to events on elements within the page itself will run according to the actions of each individual visitor - this  code runs only when a particular event occurs to trigger it. For this reason, it doesnt  matter if the code never runs for a given visitor, since that visitor has obviously not performed the interaction that requires it. All of this, of course, assumes that your visitor has accessed your page with a browser that has JavaScript enabled. Customized Visitor User Scripts Some users have installed special scripts that may  interact with your web page. These scripts run after all of your direct code, but before any  code attached to the load event handler. Since your page knows nothing about these user scripts, you have no way of knowing what these external scripts might do  -   Ã‚  they  could override any or all of the code that you have attached to the various events to which you have assigned processing. If this code overrides  event handlers or listeners, the response to event triggers will run the code defined by the user instead of, or in addition to, your code. The take home point here is that you cannot assume that code designed to run after the page has loaded will be allowed to run the way that you designed it. In addition, be aware that some browsers have options that allow disabling of some event handlers within the browser, in which case a relevant event trigger will not launch the corresponding event handler/listener in your code.

Hunting as a Spiritual Exercise with the Earth Essay

Hunting as a Spiritual Exercise with the Earth - Essay Example Nature keeps the indestructible force or the whole universe and possesses the superhuman strength to heal itself – plants, animals and humans. Opposing the forces of nature for example inflicting with its rhythm through damaging the soil with pesticides, emitting carbon dioxide, dumping wastes, and killing uncontrollably animals for food or trophies destroys the balance between Earth and human beings. People have lost the vision to embrace and harmonize their life with nature and invested enormous efforts to modulate the environment in a way which opposes the holiness of the natural surroundings. Hunting uniquely carries in itself the self-actualization, wholeness and expression. These needs are more compound than simply protecting and feeding the tribe. Hunting connects people spiritually with their past and themselves. Shepard (1999) examines the people’s relationship with the natural work and how wildlife and hunting predators had shaped in developing human intellige nce. Shepard (1999) believes that hunting as a defense mechanism benefits humanity as it stabilizes the inner spirit of belonging to community. Hunters are actors into the rhythms of life and death, they bear the feeling of the ecological imagination (Shepard, 1999). Shepard (1999) has the strong determination that hunting is the act of organic relationship with the wildlife and insists that through hunting people inevitably reach out for their spirituality. What he claims in his essays (1999) is that hunting was the instrument which transformed the "tropical forest-dwelling prehumans" into an intelligent being. Hunting embodies the honest relationship between humans and nature, and the fact that hunters are in the border line between life and death. Hunting brings people in contact with the natural world through the most natural way - sacredly kill an animal and justify it as hunters have the responsibility to secure the food. Petersen and Williams (2000) point out that in our mass culture few are the tribes in the worlds that perform hunting as part of their cultural heritage and in the authentic role that hunting conceals - namely the fact that we kill an animal in order to feed ourselves. Hunting was a tribal ritual, which both unified the men against the animal and made it easier for the group to survive. Nowadays, hunters, despite their location, religion, or culture united so as to enjoy the pristine feeling of the "sacred game" - the instinctive and inexplicable moment of subordinating life to our power. Hunting is perceived as commercial and recreational pursuit, however, it is deeply hidden in our cultural heritage and brings its essence. Hunting is an ancient game. Hunting is the ultimate source of gaining power over nature and establishing a relation between the group of hunters and the prey and the hunters and other members of their society - women and children. Petersen and Williams (2000) explain that humans have an intrinsic yearning to hunt and fish. Moreover, he notes that the forest green colour is universally perceived as peaceful and reassuring, whereas the blood like red colour as bringing excitement and agitation. We can not miss mentioning that hunting involves a cycling element, because each species have to chase their prey and to victimize it in order to survive. The cycling element is that you have to kill in order to restore the balance in nature. Hunting also has a natural selection component. The strongest will predominate over the weakest, thus the strongest will pass their genes to the new generation and will secure that they will outlive. Hunting has profound

Are Hobbes theories of Politics on a Sicence of Human Nature as Essay

Are Hobbes theories of Politics on a Sicence of Human Nature as scientific as he might like to think - Essay Example This research will begin with the biography of Thomas Hobbes. Born in 1588, Hobbes was an English philosopher who worked extensively in political philosophy. His work was so influential that it formed the foundation for political philosophy that follows the social contract theory. The writings and viewpoints of Hobbes are often considered to be depressing and a very negative consideration of human nature and political systems as a whole. He believed that the only way for humans to survive effectively was in a society that had a sovereign who had absolute power, due to the fact that conflict is a necessary component of human nature. However, his theory was based around his knowledge and experience with society at one particular point in human history, and did not consider the possibility of sovereign power being misused. Because of this, his theories are not scientific in nature, and cannot reasonably be applied to current society. Hobbes is often considered to be the founding father of current political philosophy, and his ideas have influenced debates and discussion of human nature and politics since his own time and through to the present day. His proposal that human society requires a sovereign who has complete power and is the only source of political decision-making, is supported by few. However, many of the ideas that Hobbes presented are fascinating especially in modern times where people strive for independence and question any form of authority. Hobbes work was detailed, and he presented his proposals and theories clearly, backing them up with examinations of human nature and what he considered to drive human actions. ... There are many different approaches to this, with some people believing that human nature is purely innate, others that it is the result of choice and still others believing in a combination of the two factors. For Hobbes, his work focused primarily on how politics affected human nature, and how human nature affected politics. Hobbes was one of many theorists that forwarded the idea of an innate fixed human nature, and his viewpoint was predominantly individualistic. Hobbes’ most famous work is the Leviathan and the publication argued many of his points and theories in depth. This book set about to define what drives the actions of humans and to develop a model for their motivation and how humans can be organized into society. Specifically, much of Hobbes’ focus in the book was political Unlike many of his contemporises, Hobbes’ focus cam from his study of physics, and he believed that action in humans was result of mechanical reactions to inputs from their sense s. He considered that this came about through impulses that were guided both by instinct and human volition . Throughout his work, Hobbes deeply examines human nature and all aspects of the mind and the relationship between the mind and the body. He considers factors such as imagination, perception, reason and emotion, and uses this information to provide a basis for his political arguments. One aspect of his theory is the power of the person, which Hobbes considers to include the ability to satisfy desires both now and in the future, as well as the ability to exert control over others. He considers it is essential that a person’s power compete with the power of other people. Through his work he argues for the